Religion Law Quiz #25 (Two Principles Faced by the Supreme Court)

The Supreme Court's 2018 Masterpiece Cakeshop decision presented the Court with questions regarding the proper reconciliation of two principles.  What were those two principles?

(Scroll down for the answer)

Here is what the majority opinion said:

The case presents difficult questions as to the proper reconciliation of at least two principles. The first is the authority of a State and its governmental entities to protect the rights and dignity of gay persons who are, or wish to be, married but who face discrimination when they seek goods or services. The second is the right of all persons to exercise fundamental freedoms under the First Amendment, as applied to the States through the Fourteenth Amendment.

Masterpiece Cakeshop, Ltd. v. Colorado C.R. Comm'n, 201 L. Ed. 2d 35, 138 S. Ct. 1719, 1723 (2018).

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